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| birth_place = Geneva, Switzerland | residence = Aiglemont estate, France | ethnicity = British Iranian | citizenship = British | education = Institut Le Rosey | alma_mater = Harvard University | organization = AKDN | home_town = | net_worth = US$ 800 million (2010)〔 | title = | term = 11 July 1957–present | predecessor = Aga Khan III | successor = | boards = Institute of Ismaili Studies | religion = Ismaili Muslim | denomination = Nizari Ismaili Shia | spouse = Salimah Aga Khan Inaara Aga Khan | children = Zahra (b. 1970) Rahim (b. 1971) Hussain (b. 1974) Aly (b. 2000) | parents = Prince Aly Khan Joan Barbara Yarde-Buller | relatives = Yasmin (half-sister) Sadruddin (uncle) | callsign = | awards = | module = | signature = | signature_alt = | signature_size = | website = | footnotes = | box_width = }} Prince Shah Karim Al Hussaini, Aga Khan IV, KBE ((ペルシア語:شاه کریم حسینی، آقاخان چهارم), (ウルドゥー語:شاه کریم حسینی، آقاخان چهارم); ''Aga Khan'' is also transliterated as ''Aqa Khan'' and ''Agha Khan'') was born on 13 December 1936, in Geneva, Switzerland. He is a British〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Five Things To Know About The Aga Khan )〕 business magnate,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.lifeinitaly.com/news/en/151760 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.hotelchatter.com/country/af )〕 racehorse owner and breeder,〔 as well as being the 49th and current Imam of Nizari Ismailism, a denomination of Ismailism within Shia Islam consisting of an estimated 25-30 million adherents (about 20% of the world's Shia Muslim population).〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://themuslim500.com/downloads/muslim500.php?edition=2011web )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= His Highness the Aga Khan )〕 He has held this position of Imam, under the title of Aga Khan IV, since 11 July 1957, when, at the age of 20, he succeeded his grandfather, Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah Aga Khan III. The Aga Khan claims to be a relative of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law, Ali, considered the first Imam in Shia Islam, and Ali's wife Fatima az-Zahra, Muhammad’s daughter from his first marriage. In 1986 the Aga Khan ordained the current version of the ''Ismailia Constitution'' – an ecclesiastical decree affirming to Nizari Ismailis his "sole right to interpret the Qur'an and provide authoritative guidance on () matters of faith" and formalising his sole discretion, power and authority for the governance of Nizari Ismaili ''jamats'' (places of worship) and institutions.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ismailiuniverse.com/pdf/constitution.pdf )〕 Forbes describes the Aga Khan as one of the world's ten richest royals with an estimated net worth of US$800 million (2010). Additionally he is unique among the richest royals as he does not rule over a geographic territory. He owns hundreds of racehorses, valuable stud farms, an exclusive yacht club on Sardinia, a private island in the Bahamas, two Bombardier jets, a £100 million high speed yacht ''Alamshar'', named after his prize racehorse, and several estates around the world, with his primary residence at Aiglemont estate in the town of Gouvieux, France, north of Paris. In 2008, the then French President Nicolas Sarkozy pledged that the Aga Khan, a British citizen, would be let off all 'direct taxes, stamp duty, and wealth tax' by the country of France - saving the Aga Khan an amount estimated to be in the billions of Euros. The Aga Khan's philanthropic institutions spend about US$600 million per year – mainly in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.〔(Aga Khan joins Prime Minister's neighbourhood ). Canada.com (8 December 2008).〕 Among the goals the Aga Khan has said he works toward are the elimination of global poverty; the promotion and implementation of secular pluralism;〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/spiegel/spiegel-interview-with-aga-khan-islam-is-a-faith-of-reason-a-442180-2.html )〕 the advancement of the status of women; and the honouring of Islamic art and architecture.〔〔(23 November 2008) (Aga Khan holds up Canada as model for the world ). ''Vancouver Sun''〕〔(Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund ). Ppaf.org.pk.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】first=ISHRAT )〕〔(Aga Khan Development Network ). Akdn.org.〕 He is the founder and chairman of the Aga Khan Development Network, one of the largest private development networks in the world. The organisation has said it works toward improvement of the environment, health, education, architecture, culture, microfinance, rural development, disaster reduction, the promotion of private-sector enterprise and the revitalisation of historic cities.〔〔〔(The Aga Khan, Leader of a Global Network of Cultural, Educational and... – LOS ANGELES, Oct. 27, 2011 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ ). Prnewswire.com.〕〔(Blooming in Cairo ). Saudi Aramco World.〕 Since his ascension to the Imamate of Nizari Ismailis in 1957, the Aga Khan has been involved in complex political and economic changes which have affected his Nizari Ismaili followers, including the independence of African countries from colonial rule, expulsion of Asians from Uganda, the independence of Central Asian countries such as Tajikistan from the former Soviet Union and the continuous turmoil in Afghanistan and Pakistan.〔 Aga Khan IV became the first faith leader to address the Joint Session of the Canadian Parliament on 27 February 2014. ==Early life== Born Prince Karim Aga Khan, the Aga Khan IV is the eldest son of Prince Aly Khan, (1920–1960) and his first wife, Princess Tajuddawlah Aly Khan, formerly the Hon. Joan Barbara Yarde-Buller (1908–1997), the eldest daughter of the 3rd Baron Churston.〔(Person Page 3145 ), Thepeerage.com; accessed May 6, 2014.〕 Born in Geneva, Switzerland, on 13 December 1936, Prince Karim was declared healthy despite being born prematurely. The Aga Khan's brother, Prince Amyn, was born less than a year later. Their parents divorced in 1949, in part due to Prince Aly Khan's extramarital affairs, and Prince Aly Khan shortly after married Rita Hayworth – with whom he had a daughter, Princess Yasmin Aga Khan, the half-sister of Aga Khan IV. The Aga Khan IV also had a half-brother, Patrick Benjamin Guinness (1931–1965), from his mother's first marriage, as Joan Yarde-Buller was previously married to Loel Guinness of the banking Guinnesses. Prince Karim spent his childhood in Nairobi, Kenya,〔G. Pascal Zachary, ("Do Business and Islam Mix? Ask Him" ), ''New York Times'', July 8, 2007〕 where his early education was done by private tutoring. His grandfather, Aga Khan III, engaged Mustafa Kamil, a teacher from Aligarh Muslim University, for both Prince Karim and Prince Amyn. Prince Karim later attended the Institut Le Rosey in Switzerland, the most expensive boarding school in Europe, for nine years where he ended up with, in his words, "fair grades."〔 As a youngster Prince Karim would have preferred to attend MIT and study science, but his grandfather, Aga Khan III, vetoed the decision and Prince Karim attended Harvard University where he was elected a member of The Delphic Club. There, he switched to majoring in History after flunking an engineering course. When his grandfather died, the young Prince was thrust into the position of the Aga Khan (IV), and he went from being not only a university student but also to replacing his grandfather as the new Nizari Ismaili Imam. He says about it: "Overnight, my whole life changed completely. I woke up with serious responsibilities toward millions of other human beings. I knew I would have to abandon my hopes of studying for a doctorate in History."〔 The Aga Khan IV graduated from Harvard in 1959, two years after becoming the Imam of the Nizari Ismailis, with a Bachelor of Arts degree in History (with Cum Laude honors) and his varsity H for soccer.〔 The young Aga Khan was a competitive downhill skier, and he skied for Iran (at that time led by the secular Shah) in the 1964 Olympic Games.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Iran Alpine Skiing at the 1964 Innsbruck Winter Games )〕 Riots broke out in East Africa during the time of the games and the Aga Khan was accordingly besieged with cables and questions from East African Nizari Ismaili leaders, some of whom had flown to Innsbruck, asking their imam for guidance. Specifically, his followers wanted to know whether they should try to hold on to their interests in East Africa or instead return to India and Pakistan.〔 Paul Ress, of Sports Illustrated, writes that the young, contact lens wearing Prince turned Aga Khan IV, having responsibility to go with his wealth, did not live the playboy lifestyle of his father. He did, however, relish "...speed on water as well as on snow, highways and in the air..." and increased the speed of his 72-foot yacht (the ''Amaloun'') by almost 20%.〔 After being named Aga Khan the young prince, who habitually drove at 90 to 145 miles an hour "road permitting," noted he could no longer afford to risk his life on a piste (run ).〔 Ress writes about traveling to Chantilly in one of the young Prince's Maseratis. The chauffeur, Lucien Lemouss, slowed to 80 miles per hour as they fell in behind a slower moving Ferrari, and the young Prince had the chauffeur pull over, took over the driver's seat, and swiftly passed the Ferrari.〔 The young Aga Khan, who at times was followed by "telephoto maniacs" (i.e. paparazzi), discusses his privacy: I take all sorts of precautions when I go out with friends. I have taught myself not to show any emotion in public places. I never sit next to a woman with whom the press is trying to link me. Here in Gstaad I go often to a bistro outside the village for a fondue because the proprietor will not let anyone take pictures in his establishment. I stopped going to certain Paris theatres because I discovered they were tipping off the press to my presence. I realise that I may seem extreme on the subject, but do not forget that my mail has been stolen and my servants bribed. Close personal friends have taken private snapshots of me in my home and then sold them to magazines. I have been blackmailed on the telephone. All I desire is to have my private life respected. Is that unreasonable?〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aga Khan IV」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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